CBSE Class 4 EVS – Looking around – Takshila-DPS Pune- Patna-Coimbatore

Author: Gauri Kshirsagar

The following notes are from the academic year 2022-23 of DPS Pune- Patna-Coimbatore, compiled by my twin daughters. These notes include all the important material of the chapter which can be asked in the exam, compiled from the EVS textbook, study course material books and the notes from class.

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Important Points which can be asked as ‘Fill in the Blanks’ or ‘MCQs’:

17^th May 7:30 am

• It was May 17th, the second day of Omana’s journey.
• When she woke up early in the morning, the train had reached Madgaon station in Goa. (That was written on the board at the platform)
• There, they got off at the station and had some hot tea and filled their water bottles.
• After crossing Madgaon, Omana saw a beautiful scenery outside.
• The air was cooler and fresher and it was not as dry and hot as in Ahmedabad.
• Their train continued for a while and then it suddenly halted (stopped) at one place. The train passed a ‘level crossing’.
• A level crossing (railway crossing) is a place where a railway line and a road meet each other on the same level.
• The fields were covered with red soil.
• People are waiting on both the sides of the level crossing for the train to pass.
• Omana saw some people going under the bar of the level crossing.
• At times the train crossed another train. Unni and Omana tried to count the carriages in one such train, but both the trains were going so fast. They always got confused.

17^th May 8:30 am

• The sound of the moving train changed – khud, khud, khud…as Omana’s train was passing over a bridge.
• Omana felt giddy when she looked down from the train.
• Omana saw boats and fishermen on the banks of the river.
• Bridges are needed to cross rivers.

17^th May 11:30 am

• After breakfast, Omana climbed on to the upper berth to read her comics.
• Suddenly it was dark, cold and the lights in the train came on as the train passed through a tunnel.
• The tunnel passed right through a mountain.
• They passed through four smaller tunnels.
• The route from Goa to Kerala has a total of 2000 bridges and 92 tunnels because of different landforms (mountains, rivers, valleys etc.)

17^th May 12:15 pm

• In the afternoon, for lunch they had idli-vada that they bought from Udipi station. They also bought some bananas. These were very small and very tasty.
• As they crossed different states, towns and villages, they noticed the change in the kind of clothes people were wearing.
• Sunil’s family is getting off at Kozhikode, which comes at around 6 O’clock. We have exchanged addresses and plan to meet in Ahmedabad

17^th May 9:30pm

• They have also started packing up. The train will reach Kottayam in about three hours. That is where they have to get off.
• Tonight they will go to Valiyamma’s house. Tomorrow, they will take the bus that will take them to Ammumma’s village.
• They have been on the train for two days.
• Mother’s elder sister is called Valiyamma and mother’s mother is Ammumma in Malayalam.
• Kozhikode is in the state of Kerala.
• Omnan’s train took 2 days to reach Kottayam from Gandhidham.

16th May 11:30 AM –> Ahmedabad 18th May 12:30 AM –> Kottayam

Question and answers:

Q.1) What changes did Omana find in the scenery outside in Goa/Madgaon?

Ans: The changes that Omana found in the scenery outside in Goa include: –

1. She saw greenery everywhere – fields with red soil, green crops and hills covered with trees.
2. She saw small ponds and far away behind the hills, more water. She couldn’t make out if it was a river or the sea.
3. The air was cooler and fresher and it was not as dry and hot as in Ahmedabad.

Q.2) What were the two undesirable things Omana noticed at the level crossing?

Ans) The two undesirable things that Omana noticed at the level crossing were:

1. People did not switch off the engine of their vehicles even while waiting for the train to pass; hence there was a lot of smoke and noise at the level crossing.
2. Many people were crossing the railway track from under the bars of the level crossing, which is very risky, dangerous and may lead to accidents and deaths.

Q.3) Omana saw many kinds of vehicles at the level-crossing. Which of them run on diesel or petrol?

Ans) At the level crossing Omana saw many vehicles with people and goods in them. Among them buses, trucks run on diesel whereas cars, auto-rickshaws, motor cycles, scooters run on petrol. She also saw cycles, tongas and bullock carts, which are eco –friendly vehicles which do not run on fossil fuels.

Q.4) On the way from Gujarat to Kerala Omana’s train went through several states of our country. Find out and list which states it crossed.

Ans)  The train started from Gujarat and crossed Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka and finally entered Kerala.

Q.5) Where are the following languages spoken?

State	Language
Gujarat	Gujarati
Maharashtra	Marathi
Goa	Konkani
Karnataka	Kannada
Kerala	Malayalam

Ans)

Q.6) What can we do to reduce noise of the vehicle and save petrol and diesel?

Ans) Steps that need to be taken to reduce noise of the vehicles and to save petrol and diesel are:

1. To save petrol and diesel, people need to switch off the engine of their vehicles while waiting at a level crossing.
2. To stop noise pollution, people need to stop unnecessary honking while waiting at a level crossing or on a busy road.

Q.7) Sometimes people cross the railway tracks even when the crossing bar is down. What do you feel about this?

Ans) When the bar is down at the level crossing, it means nobody should approach the railway tracks.

When people cross the railway track from under the bars of the level crossing, it is very risky, dangerous and may lead to accidents and deaths.

Q.8) What did Omana notice when the train crossed a bridge?

Ans) When Omana’s train crossed the bridge:

1. The sound of the moving train changed to khud, khud, khud, since the wheels of the train rattled as there was no ground, only the tracks, and the water down below.
2. When Omana looked down, she felt giddy. It was a big river full of water and had some boats. There were some fisherman on the banks and she waived at them.
3. Alongside the railways bridge there was another bridge for buses and cars.

Q.9) What are the changes that Omana observed after the train crossed Udipi station?

Ans) The changes that Omana observed after the train reached Udipi are:

1. There were many coconut trees, and green fields everywhere. Amma said that these are paddy fields.
2. The houses and villages look very different.
3. People’s clothes were also different from what she saw in Ahmedabad. Most people were wearing white or cream-coloured dhotis and sarees.
4. Many people who were with them from Ahmedabad got off at Udipi. People have also got on to the train from different stations.

Q.10) What is a bridge? On what does it’s depend on? What are the uses of bridges?

Ans)

Bridge: A bridge is an important structure that is built over a railway, river, or road so that people or vehicles can cross from one side to the other.

Designs of bridges vary depending on:

1. The function of the bridge,
2. The nature of the terrain (area) where the bridge is constructed,
3. The material used to make it.
4. The funds available to build it.

Uses of bridges: The basic idea of a bridge is to reduce the distance between two pieces of land that are separated by an open space/gap. A bridge is designed for trains, pedestrians, road traffic or waterway.

Q.11) How can we take care of our health during a rail journey? OR What are the precautions that must be taken during a rail journey?

Ans) Here are some health precautions we should follow while travelling:

1. Don’t drink water from a tap or a roadside vendor. Drink only boiled or bottled water.
2. Never eat cut fruits sold by the roadside vendors. Always eat fruits that you can peel. Wash the fruits properly with water before eating them.
3. Avoid eating food from the roadside vendors. If by chance, you are forced to from there, make sure that the food is well cooked and is served hot.
4. It is advisable to keep a mosquito repellent ointment with you always.
5. Always carry a kit of the basic emergency medicines you might need, especially medicines for upset stomach, vomiting, diarrhoea, fever etc.

Q.12) Differentiate between scenery -From Ahmedabad to Madgaon and From Madgaon onwards.

(OR) What was the difference in the scene that Omana saw from the train on the first day and on the second day?

	From Ahmedabad to Madgaon		From Madgaon onwards
1	The fields outside were brown and dry.	1	The fields were green with red soil and green crops.
2	Landform mainly included plains.	2	There were hills with trees on the way and the train crossed many tunnels to pass through the mountains
3	The weather was hot and dry.	3	The air was cooler at Madgaon than at Ahmedabad.
4	The train didn’t cross any river.	4	The route was full of rivers and the train crossed many long bridges on the rivers.

Q.13) Difference between a bridge and a tunnel

	Tunnel		Bridge
1	A tunnel is a path for transportation through an obstacle such a mountain or hill.	1	A bridge is a path for transportation over an obstacle such as river, valley or railway.
2	Tunnel is dug through the mountain or hill.	2	It is used to cross gaps whether new or existing.

Q.14) Give reasons:

1. There was a lot of smoke and noise at the level crossing. Why?

Ans) Some people did not switch off the engines of their vehicles while even waiting at the level crossing. That is why there was a lot of smoke and noise at the level crossing.

DEFINE:

1. Level crossing – A level crossing (a railway crossing) is a place where a railway line and a road meet each other on the same level. There are signs indicating the crossing. Also there are gates/barriers/bars that are lowered before a train passes.

• Bridge: A bridge is an important structure that is built over a railway, river, or road so that people or vehicles can cross from one side to the other.

• Tunnel: A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through the surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except at the entrance and exit, commonly at each end.

• Platform: Platform is a flat elevated horizontal structure built around a railway line on which passengers’ board or alight the train.

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